Robert Crooks – Our Sexuality (12th edition)

Автор: Robert Crooks
Название книги: Our Sexuality (12th edition)
Формат: PDF
Жанр: Психология
Страницы: 708
Качество: Изначально компьютерное, E-book

This is the most respected and authoritative college textbook available on human sexuality. Written in a direct, non-judgmental manner, this edition of OUR SEXUALITY has been thoroughly and carefully updated to reflect the most current research findings. It is the first college text to bring cutting-edge and in-depth emphasis on the impact of politics on sexuality. Crooks and Baur keep you interested with the most exciting, emerging research and coverage, and focus on strengthening healthy communication among partners. The authors also have revised their overall coverage on maintaining a responsible and healthy sexual relationship, with greater attention to diversity and inclusiveness.
Our Sexuality, now in its twelfth edition, provides students
with an engaging, personally relevant, politically
astute, and academically sound introduction to human
sexuality. The text’s comprehensive integration of biological,
psychological, behavioral, cultural, and political
aspects of sexuality has been consistently well received in
each previous edition.
New in This Edition
■ More than 1,000 new citations, reflecting the most
recent research in sexology, have been added. Most of
these citations are current, drawn from data published
in 2011 and 2012.
■ A wealth of new and significantly updated information
in every chapter, highlights of which are described
below:
Chapter 1: Perspectives on Sexuality
■ Increase in interracial dating.
■ Increasing controversy about the laws and meaning of
Muslim women wearing headscarves.
■ New research about correlation between gender equality
and similarity of male/female sexual attitudes and
behaviors.
■ Updates on the media and its various impacts on sexual
attitudes and behaviors.
Chapter 2: Sex Research: Methods
and Problems
■ Updates pertaining to the Sex and Politics box, “Sex
Research Under Siege.”
■ Discussion of one of the largest nationally representative
sexual health and behavior surveys to date,
the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior
(NSSHB).
Chapter 3: Female Sexual Anatomy
and Physiology
■ New resources for the appreciation of vulva diversity.
■ New section on genital alteration.
■ New figure of the complexity of the clitoral complex.
■ Expanded information on the G-spot.
■ Updated information on female genital cutting.
■ Expanded information about ovulation and sexual
response.
■ Research updates on hormone replacement after
menopause.
Chapter 4: Male Sexual Anatomy
and Physiology
■ Updated discussion of circumcision including a new
Sex and Politics box detailing efforts to ban circumcision
in San Francisco.
■ Major revision and updates of material dealing with
prostate cancer with integration of recent research
findings.
■ Discussion of new diagnostic tools that may aid in
assessing the aggressiveness of prostate cancer.
Chapter 5: Gender Issues
■ Inclusion of data from a new national study pertaining
to the performance of males and females on mathematics
tests and inclination to enter a math intensive professional
occupation
■ New information about the relationship between
endorsing traditional gender roles and attitudes about
what constitutes and ideal partner of the other sex.
■ New Sex and Politics box discussing how the religious
right has influenced American politics.
■ New information regarding parental influence on the
development of gender roles, especially as related to the
gendered division of household labor.
■ Updated discussion of the impact of children’s books on
the development of gender roles.
Chapter 6: Sexual Arousal and Response
■ Expanded discussion of aphrodisiacs and anaphrodisiacs.
■ Updated discussion of hormones and sexual behavior.
■ Discussion of findings from the NSSHB survey pertaining
to human sexual response, especially female orgasm.
■ New information about the use of MRI technology in
Grafenberg Spot research.
■ Latest information about genital cosmetic surgery.
■ NSSHB findings regarding multiple orgasms.
Chapter 7: Love and Communication
in Intimate Relationships
■ New research on the link between feelings of being in
love and the release of neurotransmitters and other brain
chemicals.
■ Recent research on the relationship between use of hormonal
contraceptives and women’s attractiveness to potential
love/sex partners.
■ Latest research on partner choice and race.
■ Expanded discussion of adult intimate relationships as an
attachment process.
■ Latest research findings on friends with benefits relationships
(FWBRs).
■ Revised and updated information pertaining to Internet
relationships.
Chapter 8: Sexual Behaviors
■ New research on religiosity and sexual fantasy.
■ Updated data on attitudes toward and patterns of
masturbation.
■ Detailed information about G-spot stimulation during self
and manual stimulation and intercourse, including a new
drawing of the “tailgate “ position.
■ New research on how people define “real sex.”
■ New data on incidence of anal sex.
Chapter 9: Sexual Orientations
■ Expanded definition of sexual orientation.
■ Increased emphasis on sexual orientation as a multidimensional
phenomenon.
■ Inclusion of new terms, “heteroflexibility” and
homoflexibility.”
■ New table on self-identified sexual orientation.
■ New research about asexuality.
■ Information about the unique arousal pattern of bisexual men.
■ New research about differences in beliefs about the underlying
sexual orientation of bisexual men versus women.
■ New section on “performative bisexuality.”
■ New Spotlight on Research box about the inconsistent
parameters that research studies use to define
homosexuality.
■ Current data on belief whether or not homosexuality is
innate.
■ New section on the separation of same-sex behavior and
self-identification as homosexual among men in the Pastun
tribe of Afganistan.
■ Updates on global trends in persecution or acceptance of
homosexuality.
■ Updates and controversies on “conversion therapy.”
■ Updates on continuing increases of acceptance of homosexuality
in the United States.
■ Reversal of “Don’t ask, don’t tell.”
■ Detailed discussion on gay marriage and its ever-increasing
support from the general public.
■ Updated information about greater inclusion of gay, lesbian,
and bisexual characters on television.
■ Many examples of the detrimental effect of antigay
prejudice.
■ Updated information on the increase in adoption by samesex
couples.
Chapter 10: Contraception
■ New data about teen use of contraceptives.
■ Increased political activism to reduce access to
contraception.
■ New regulations requiring private health insurance to cover
contraceptives.
■ Updated data on need for increased worldwide contraceptive
use.
■ Updated information on all methods of contraception.
■ Compensation for victims of forced sterilizations.
Chapter 11: Conceiving Children: Process
and Choice
■ Increasing rates of women choosing not to have children.
■ Updated information about sex selection abortions and
infanticide of females.
■ Increase in twin births from assisted reproductive technologies
and women having children later in life.
■ New statistics on rates of unplanned pregnancy and abortion
in United States and across the globe.
■ New data on the characteristics and context of women
who are more likely to have abortions after 13 weeks of
pregnancy.
■ Updated information on anti-abortion political activism.
■ Updated statistics on worldwide maternal mortality.
■ Increase in rate of caesarean section in the United States.
■ More data about benefits of breastfeeding.
Chapter 12: Sexuality During Childhood
and Adolescence
■ Findings from the NSSHB survey regarding adolescent
sexual behavior.
■ Recent research findings on the predictive relationship
between oral and vaginal sex.
■ Addition of a new section dealing with the emerging social
phenomenon of adolescent sexting.
■ Inclusion of the latest research findings on adolescent
coitus.
■ Significantly updated and expanded discussion of adolescents
online.
■ A new unit on adolescent multi-person sex (MPS).
■ A new Sex and Politics box on antigay harassment/bullying
of teenagers.
■ Expanded and updated section dealing with adolescent
pregnancy.
■ A new Sex and Politics box focusing on steps by the U.S.
Congress to reduce teen pregnancy.
■ Expanded discussion of the use of contraceptives by teenagers,
includng adolescents’ access to emergency contraception
(EC).
■ Discussion of factors that have influenced a reduction in
school-based abstinence-only sex education.
Chapter 13: Sexuality and the Adult Years
■ Latest data on the increase in number of single adults.
■ Male/female similarities and differences in reactions to
non-committed sexual relationships.
■ Characteristics of individuals who cohabit.
■ Update on decrease in percentage of U.S. households of
married couples.
■ New information about forced marriage.
■ New section on child marriage.
■ Current statistics on the increase of the rates of and the
public approval for interracial marriage.
■ New data on extramarital relationships.
■ Differences in reasons for extramarital affairs between men
and women.
■ The relationship between power and likelihood of affairs.
■ New data about women’s sex lives improving later in life.
■ Gender differences in likelihood of orgasm with relationship
and non-relationship partners.
■ New data about the importance of tenderness for men
compared to women.
Chapter 14: Sexual Difficulties
and Solutions
■ Expanded information about faking orgasm.
■ New DSM5 name for vaginal pain with intercourse.
■ Impact of sexual guilt on sexual function.
■ Differences in body image concerns between groups of
women.
■ Male sexual functioning with on-going as compared to
non-relationship partners.
Chapter 15: Sexually Transmitted
Infections
■ Major updating throughout the chapter.
■ Latest data pertaining to the incidence and treatment of
sexually transmitted infections.
■ Discussion of oral sex, HPV transmission, and throat
cancer.
■ Updated Sex and Politics box dealing with HPV
vaccination.
■ New information on the treatment of hepatitis C
infections.
■ Latest incidence data on HIV/AIDS in the United States
and worldwide.
■ Discussion of the impact of the economic downturn on the
treatment of HIV/AIDS.
■ Discussion of immunosenescence, a form of premature
aging, as a result of HAART treatment of HIV/AIDS.
■ Discussion of recent evidence indicating that treating HIVinfected
people with antiretroviral medications at an early
stage of the disease can reduce the likelihood of transmitting
HIV to an uninfected partner.
■ Significantly revised and updated section on the search for
an HIV/AIDS vaccine.
■ New information about the role of pre-exposure prophylaxis
(PrEP) in reducing the transmission of HIV.
■ New findings about the search for effective microbicides.
Chapter 16: Atypical Sexual Behavior
■ Updating throughout chapter.
■ Expanded and updated discussion of video voyeurism.
Chapter 17: Sexual Coercion
■ Inclusion of latest rape incidence statistics and updated discussion
of this topic.
■ Detailed discussion of the FBI’s revised definition of
rape and its impact on our understanding of this coercive
behavior.
■ Major expansion of the impact of rape on survivors, with
emphasis on the tendency for college survivors of rape to be
victimized again due in large part to a lack of institutional
response to allegations of sexual assault.
■ Addition of information about the rape and sexual assault
of Jewish women during the Holocaust.
■ Updated section on rape and sexual assault of males.
■ Expanded discussion of factors that lead to the underreporting
of child sexual abuse.
■ Addition of a discussion of sexual abuse by members of the
clergy with emphasis on a report by the Catholic Church
on abuse by priests and reactions to same.
■ Revised and expanded discussion of pedophiles in
cyberspace.
■ Significantly updated discussion of sexual harassment on
the job and in academic settings.
■ A new section dealing with cyberstalking.
Chapter 18: Sex for Sale
■ Legal dilemmas dealing with sexting.
■ Peter Lenk’s “Global Players” included in pornography as
social criticism.
■ Updates on revenues from pornography.
■ New table of countries that spend the most on
pornography.
■ Expanded section of ways pornography can be harmful to
individuals and couples.
■ Emphasis on pornography as poor sex education.
■ Updated information about call girls.
■ Increase in sex workers advertising on the Internet and
Facebook.
■ Increased information on recruitment and trafficking of
teenagers into sex work in the United States.
■ New research about customers of sex workers.
■ New section about the glorification of pimps in the United
States.
■ Updated information about legal status of sex work and
prosecution of customers.
Other Continuing Features
■ A personal approach. Users of the text have responded
favorably to our attempts to make the subject human and
personal, and in this twelfth edition we have retained
and strengthened the elements that contributed to this
approach and expanded coverage of the impact that political
decisions and policies have on individuals and groups.
■ Authors’ files. One of the most popular features of Our
Sexuality has been the incorporation of voices of real people
through the use of authors’ files. These quotations—taken
from the experiences and observations of students, clients,
and colleagues—are woven into the text but set apart in
conversation bubbles. Each chapter opens with an authors’
file quotation illustrating an important concept pertinent to
that chapter.
■ Nonjudgmental perspective. Consistent with our personal
focus, we have avoided a prescriptive stance on
most issues introduced in the text. We have attempted to
provide information in a sensitive, nonsexist, inclusive,
nonjudgemental manner that assumes the reader is best
qualified to determine what is most valid and applicable
in her or his life.
■ Psychosocial orientation. We focus on the roles of psychological
and social factors in human expression, reflecting
our belief that human sexuality is governed more by psychological
factors than by biological determinants. At the
same time, we provide the reader with a solid basis in the
anatomy and physiology of human sexuality and explore
new research pertaining to the interplay of biology, psychology,
and social learning.
■ Critical Thinking questions, some of which are new to
this edition, appear in the margin. These questions are
designed to help students apply their knowledge and experience
while developing their own outlook. Each question
encourages students to stop and think about what they are
reading, in an attempt to facilitate higher-order processing
of information and learning.
■ Sexuality and Diversity discussions, integrated throughout
the text, deal with topics such as ethnic variations in
gender roles, female genital cutting, cultural variations in
sexual arousal, ethnic variations in intimate communication,
cross-cultural issues in preselecting a baby’s sex, the
clash between sex therapy practices and cultural values,
AIDS in Africa, and cultural values that punish women
who have been raped. Many of these Sexuality and Diversity
discussions have been revised, expanded, and updated
for the twelfth edition.
■ At a Glance tables designed to present important information
in summary form. Examples of this feature include
tables that summarize sex research methods, factors
involved in typical and atypical prenatal differentiation,
major physiological changes during the sexual response
cycle, information to consider when choosing a birth control
method, and features of common sexually transmitted
infections.
■ Pedagogy. Individuals learn in different ways. We therefore
provide a variety of pedagogical aids to be used as
the student chooses. Each chapter opens with an outline
of the major topic headings, complete with chapter
opening questions that focus attention on important
topics. Key words are boldfaced within the text, and a
pronunciation guide follows selected key words. A running
glossary in the text margin provides a helpful learning
tool. Each chapter concludes with a Summary in
outline form for student reference, annotated Suggested
Readings, and annotated Web Resources. A complete
Glossary as well as a complete Bibliography are provided
at the end of the book.