E. Milone – Solar System Astrophysics (2 Volume set, 2014)

Автор: E. Milone
Название книги: Solar System Astrophysics (2 Volume set)
Формат: PDF
Жанр: Астрономия
Страницы: 348+496
Качество: Изначально компьютерное, E-book

1. Background Science and the Inner Solar System
The book assumes an initial course in astronomy and first-year courses in mathematics and physics. The relevant concepts of mathematics, geology, and chemistry that are required for the course are introduced within the text itself.
The book covers the field of solar system astrophysics beginning with basic tools of spherical astronomy and coordinate frames and celestial mechanics. Historical introductions precede the development and discussion in most chapters. After a basic treatment of the two- and restricted three-body system motions, perturbations are discussed, and then the Earth’s gravitational potential field and its effects on satellite orbits. Next follow chapters on the Earth-Moon system and the interior planets. Surfaces are treated as well as the interiors and atmospheres, developing appropriate mathematical tools and the basic geophysics, mineralogy, crystallography, and meteorology required for comprehension. Chapters 5 and 6 involve pedagogically clear, illustrated discussions of the numerical integration of the Adams-Williamson equation and the equations of state in planetary interiors. The discussion of rocks and minerals includes crystallography, essential for understanding the state of matter in planetary interiors and moon rocks. The atmospheres chapters include detailed discussions of circulation, applicable also to the subsequent discussion of the gas giants. A comparative planetary approach is given to discussions of the atmospheric and ionospheric chemistry, magnetospheres, and crustal properties. The giant planets are discussed together, and the thermal excess of three of them highlighted. This is followed by chapters on moons and rings, mainly in the context of dynamical stability, comets and meteors, meteorites and asteroids, and concludes with an extensive discussion of extrasolar planets.
Contents
Perceptions of the Solar System in History
Evolving Perceptions
Striking Facts About the Solar System
The Methods and Goals of Solar System Astrophysics
Basic Tools and Concepts
Circular Arcs and Spherical Astronomy
Properties of Ellipses
Celestial Mechanics
The Two-Body Problem
Orbital Elements
The Restricted Three-Body System
Computation of Ephemerides
Kepler’s Equation
Uses and Limitations of Two-, Three- and n-Body Solutions
Spin–Orbit Coupling
Perturbations
The Core of the Solar System: The Sun
The Solar Context
The Sun as a Star in the Milky Way Galaxy
Observable Properties of the Quiet Sun
The Sun’s Radiation
The Photosphere
The Chromosphere
The Corona
The Sunspot Cycle and Solar Magnetic Cycle
Line Absorption and Emission
Helioseismology
General Properties of the Terrestrial Planets
Overview of Terrestrial Planets
Bulk Properties
Gravitational Potential Fields
Structure of the Earth
Planetary Surfaces
Addendum: Properties of Legendre Polynomials and Associated Legendre Functions
Planetary Heat Flow and Temperatures
Heat Flow
Geotherms
Solar Heating
Rocks and Minerals
Rocks
Minerals
Mineral Content of Igneous Rocks
Phase Transitions
Densities of Minerals
Seismic Discontinuities in the Earth’s Mantle
Relationship of Phase Diagrams to Seismic Discontinuities
The Effect of Phase Boundaries on Mantle Convection
The Core–Mantle Boundary and the D'Layer
The Moon’s Surface, Structure, and Evolution
Surface Composition
Lunar Surface Characteristics
Lunar Terranes
Water on the Moon
Internal Structure
Geochemical Evolution
Dynamical History of the Moon
Surface Science of the Terrestrial Planets
Mercury
Venus
Mars

2. Planetary Atmospheres and the Outer Solar System
The book assumes an initial course in astronomy and first-year courses in mathematics and physics. The relevant concepts of mathematics, geology, and chemistry that are required for the course are introduced within the text itself.
The book begins with an extensive treatment of the physics and chemistry of the atmosphere and ionosphere of the Earth and an introduction to meteorology, and this discussion is extended to the atmospheres of Venus and Mars. Then it treats the magnetospheres of these planets, discusses the outer solar system, beginning with the gas giants, comets, meteorites and the remaining small bodies of the solar system, the asteroids, and, finally, the outer solar system Kuiper Belt objects, and the closely related objects known as centaurs, plutinos, cubewanos, and others, all of which are numbered as asteroids. The book ends with the methods and results of extra-solar planet searches, the distinctions among stars, brown dwarfs, and planets, and the origins of planetary systems in this wider context.
Contents:
Planetary Atmospheres.
Planetary Ionospheres and Magnetospheres.
The Giant Planets.
Satellite and Ring Systems.
Comets and Meteors.
Meteorites, Asteroids and the Age and Origin of the Solar System.
Extra-Solar Planetary Systems.