Z. Zhang – Pelton Turbines (2016)

Автор: Z. Zhang
Название книги: Pelton Turbines
Формат: PDF
Жанр: Энергетика
Страницы: 313
Качество: Изначально компьютерное, E-book

This book concerns the theoretical foundations of hydro mechanics of Pelton turbines from a viewpoint of engineering. For reference purposes all relevant flow processes and hydraulic aspects in a Pelton turbine have been analyzed completely and systematically. The analyses especially include the quantification of all possible losses existing in the Pelton turbine and the indication of most available potential for further enhancing the system efficiency. As a guideline the book therefore supports further developments of Pelton turbines with regard to their hydraulic designs and optimizations. It is thus suitable for the development and design engineers as well as those working in the field of turbo machinery. Many laws described in the book can also be directly used to simplify aspects of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) or to develop new computational methods. The well-executed examples help better understanding the related flow mechanics.
Topics
Engineering Fluid Dynamics
Machinery and Machine Elements
Energy Systems
Water Industry/Water Technologies
Geoengineering, Foundations, Hydraulics
Contents
Introduction
Working Principle of Pelton Turbines
Injector Characteristics
Jet Characteristics and Measurements
Interaction Between the Jet and Pelton Wheel
Fluid Mechanics in the Rotating Bucket
Water Spreading in the Rotating Bucket
Exit Flow Conditions
Exit Flows and Hydraulic Losses
Friction Effects and FFT Theorem
Viscous Cross-Flow Through the Bucket
Viscous Longitudinal Flow Through the Bucket
Friction and Windage Losses in Pelton Wheels
Power Loss Due to Bearing Frictions
Hydraulic and Mechanical Efficiency
Real Hydraulic Efficiency Characteristics
Runaway Speed and Acceleration Profile
Hydraulic Design of Pelton Turbines
Multi-jet Pelton Turbines
Geometric and Hydraulic Similarities
Model Turbine Tests and Efficiency Scale-Up
Sand Abrasion and Particle Motion in the Bucket Flow
Bucket Mechanical Strength and Similarity Laws
Appendixes
Nomenclature
Definition of Derived Parameters
Specific Speed and Application in Pelton Turbines
Specification of the Jet Piece for a Bucket
Specification of the Bucket Positions
Particle Motion Along the Streamlines in the Pelton