V. Pecharsky – Fundamentals of Powder Diffraction and Structural Characterization of Materials (Second edition)

Автор: V. Pecharsky
Название книги: Fundamentals of Powder Diffraction and Structural Characterization of Materials
Формат: PDF
Жанр: Минералогия и кристаллография
Страницы: 750
Качество: Изначально компьютерное, E-book

Fundamentals of Crystalline State and Crystal Lattice
Finite Symmetry Elements and Crystallographic Point Groups
Infinite Symmetry Elements and Crystallographic Space Groups
Formalization of Symmetry
Nonconventional Symmetry
Properties, Sources, and Detection of Radiation
Fundamentals of Diffraction
The Powder Diffraction Pattern
Structure Factor
Solving the Crystal Structure
Powder Diffractometry
Collecting Quality Powder Diffraction Data
Preliminary Data Processing and Phase Analysis
Determination and Refinement of the Unit Cell
Solving Crystal Structure from Powder Diffraction Data
Crystal Structure of LaNi4.85Sn0.15
Crystal Structure of CeRhGe3
Crystal Structure of Nd5Si4
Empirical Methods of Solving Crystal Structures
Crystal Structure of NiMnO2(OH)Crystal Structure of tmaV3O7
Crystal Structure of ma2Mo7O22
Crystal Structure of Mn7(OH)3(VO4)4
Crystal Structure of FePO4
Crystal Structure of Acetaminophen, C8H9NO2

Preface

A little over five years have passed since the first edition of this book appeared
in print. Seems like an instant but also eternity, especially considering numerous
developments in the hardware and software that have made it from the laboratory
test beds into the real world of powder diffraction. This prompted a revision, which
had to be beyond cosmetic limits. The book was, and remains focused on standard
laboratory powder diffractometry. It is still meant to be used as a text for teaching
students about the capabilities and limitations of the powder diffraction method.We
also hope that it goes beyond a simple text, and therefore, is useful as a reference to
practitioners of the technique.
The original book had seven long chapters that may have made its use as a text inconvenient.
So the second edition is broken down into 25 shorter chapters. The first
fifteen are concerned with the fundamentals of powder diffraction, which makes it
much more logical, considering a typical 16-week long semester. The last ten chapters
are concerned with practical examples of structure solution and refinement,
which were preserved from the first edition and expanded by another example –
solving the crystal structure of Tylenol R .
Major revisions include an expanded discussion of nonconventional crystallographic
symmetry in Chap. 5, a short description of two new types of detectors that
are becoming common in laboratory powder diffractometry – real-time multiple
strip and multi wire detectors in Chap. 6, a brief introduction to the total scattering
analysis in Chap. 10, a short section in Chap. 11 describing nonambient powder
diffractometry, an expanded discussion of quantitative phase analysis, including the
basics of how to quantify amorphous component in Chap. 13, an update about the
recent advancements in the ab initio indexing, together with an example of a difficult
pseudo-symmetric case represented by Li[B(C2O4)2], and a major update of
Chap. 15 dedicated to the fundamentals of Rietveld analysis, including a brief introduction
of the mechanism of restraints, constraints, and rigid bodies. The collection
of problems that may be used by instructors to assess students’ progress and as selfexercises
has also expanded. All problems related to the solution and refinement of
crystal structures from powder diffraction data are assembled at the end of Chap. 25
Considering all these additions, something had to go. A major deletion from the
earlier paper version is the section on X-ray safety, which has been moved to the
electronic part of the book. Readers familiar with the first edition know that the book
included a CD with electronic figures, experimental data, and solutions of all problems.
Over the years, both the publisher and we have had numerous inquiries from
people who accidentally used the CD as a coaster, clay pigeon, or simply sat on it
before making a backup copy. While each and every request about sending a copy of
the CD was fulfilled, we thought that it makes more sense to have the electronic files
available online. The files are hosted by Springer (http://www.springer.com/978-0-
387-09578-3) and they are made available to everyone who has the book. The files
include color figures, powder diffraction data, examples, web links, and solutions to
all the problems found throughout the book. Files with the solutions of the problems
are only available to instructors, who must register with the publisher.
Finally, we would like to thank everyone who provided critique and feedback.
Most important, we thank the readers who opted to buy our book with their hardearned
money thus providing enough votes for the publisher to consider this second,
revised edition. It is our hope that this edition is met with even better acceptance
by our readers of students, practitioners, and instructors of the truly basic materials
characterization technique, which is the powder diffraction method.