Hans-Karl Rouette – Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing (2001)

Автор: Hans-Karl Rouette
Название книги: Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing
Формат: PDF
Жанр: Химия
Страницы: 2778
Качество: Изначально компьютерное, E-book

The textile processing industry is complexly structured – just as complex, even impenetrable is the know-how that an expert in the textile field should have. The new Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing is designed to bring some order into the confusion of technical terms in this sector. The encyclopedia was devised with the specialists in mind and is a store of knowledge for the textile specialist. It consists of three volumes containing in alphabetical order the latest research findings (approx. 16000 keywords) from all technical disciplines of textile finishing and their practice-related application. Clear, colored illustrations and numerous cross references serve for faster comprehension and conveyence of information. By virtue of its interdisciplinary character, this reference book is an irreplaceable aid for users from all fields of textile industry. Thus, no textile engineer and no library should be without it.

The international economy, accompanied by a marked
shift in the political landscape in many areas of the
world, is currently undergoing profound change. Not
only are a great number of industrialised, recently-industrialised
and developing countries affected by these
developments but also many manufacturing companies
and public utilities. Changes are likewise taking place
from the sociological standpoint: due to a constantly
increasing world population, resources and jobs are
becoming scarcer, the threat to the environment is increasing,
more and more people are being excluded
from active employment and the number of old people
is on the rise.
The consequences – especially in the political
sphere – are far-reaching. Within the realms of corporate
strategy the process of industrial concentration
continues; associations and institutions also follow this
trend by combining to form more efficient units. The
struggle for market shares, skilled labour and young talent,
for greater competitiveness and business survival is
becoming harder and harder. The textile industry, in
particular, is seriously affected by these developments.
Despite increasing productivity in certain sectors, factories
and jobs are both victims to these events. The
market for textiles now demands an ever quicker supply
of merchandise and the more development a company
pursues, the greater its need for information on research
in the industrial field. As a common objective of theory
and practice, the translation of scientific knowledge
into new products and production techniques is a necessary
prerequisite for the promotion of structural change
in small textile companies. Various avenues present
themselves for an effective transfer of knowledge, e. g.:
– technology centres,
– trade conferences,
– specialised seminars,
– expert consultancy,
– trade exhibitions with accompanying symposia and,
of course,
– publications in technical journals and books.
The rapid progress of technology has meant that complete
works on the subject of textile finishing, including
its peripheral fields, are either no longer available or
out of date, and have become less comprehensible due
to continual amendments. Communication problems
between theorists and practitioners are an additional
factor. Process technology, as the link between theory
and practice, represents the optimum means for bringing
together theoretical knowledge and practical procedure
in order that reproducible and profitable products
can be manufactured.
Against this background an encyclopedia has been
compiled which provides a comprehensive treatment
of textile finishing technology and all its peripheral
fields. The underlying concept has been to structure the
data and consider different user perspectives, since the
Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing is intended to serve
the needs of several user groups. Thus, responsibility
for locating desired information should not lie with the
reader – rather he/she should be guided by the system
itself. An information system of this nature offers the
textile finisher a wide range of directly usable information
on textile technology which, with regard to the
amount of dedicated effort and extent of compilation
involved, has simply not been available hitherto. The
Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing describes common
and new terms methodically by means of concise definitions.
Keywords of special significance are dealt
with in their entirety and treated more extensively in
their ecological, process technological and application-
oriented contexts, e. g.:
– manufacturing technology,
– products,
– by-product areas,
– energy, mass and information flows,
– human environments,
– complete production lines for textile and clothing
manufacture up to waste disposal,
– eco-balances.
The Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing thereby serves
to describe the wealth of information involved in the
dyeing, printing, finishing and coating of textiles such
as clothing, home textiles, industrial textiles, medical
textiles and geotextiles. At the same time, particular
attention has been paid to the environmental problems
peculiar to textile finishing. The German laws and
regulations mentioned in this work are exemplary for
the worldwide environmental protection. Chemical
concepts are explained with the aid of formulae.
Knowledge of textile chemistry is regarded as fundamental for a clear understanding of textile finishing
and, for this reason, knowledge relating to:
– macromolecular chemistry,
– dye chemistry,
– water and tenside chemistry,
– colloid chemistry,
– and physical chemistry
has received prominent coverage.
Polymer physics is responsible for shaping the morphological
structure of natural and synthetic fibres, and
the properties of the fibres themselves are related to
their structure. These interrelationships are important to
the textile finisher and have received comprehensive
treatment.
The processes of diffusion, adsorption and immobilisation
are kinetic aspects of all chemical and coloristic
modifications to fibres which only seldom proceed to
thermodynamic equilibrium. From such considerations,
a modern concept of the processing technology
involved in textile finishing results which aims to satisfy
the quality standards demanded in the application
of fibres. Extensive information on the machinery,
equipment and installations used in these applications,
with typical modern examples, forms the basis of detailed
descriptions. Problems of such vital importance
as environmental pollution are treated in encyclopedic
scope by the Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing.
Since the range of knowledge covered by the encyclopedia
extends far beyond the realm of textile finishing
per se, and necessarily includes the preceding and
succeeding production stages of textile technology, an
integral view predominates in many of the definitions.
The Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing has been so
named because comprehensive knowledge from every
specialised area having a bearing on textile finishing
has been amassed for the benefit of the textile finisher.
The Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing has its origin in
the Department of Textile and Clothing Technology of
the University of Applied Science, Fachhochschule
Niederrhein where teaching is practised by “specialists
in the field”. This English version is a translation and
update of the German edition published in 1995 by
Laumann-Verlag. It is nevertheless not surprising that
the Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing represents the
culmination of seven years painstaking effort and that it
draws on numerous outside publications. Because of
the great number of publications involved, it has not
been possible to quote this borrowed intellectual property
which forms such a substantial part of the encyclopedia.
Literature references have been dispensed with
entirely, for which we kindly request the understanding
of the various authors concerned. Their published work
is considered to reflect the latest state of knowledge
and, in a few cases, has been acknowledged at the end
of a keyword with the postscript “according to XY”.
Manufacturer’s and trade names have also been omitted
from the text as far as possible. Where, occasionally, it
has been necessary to describe individual products
(e. g., machines, dyes, etc.), details of the respective
manufacturers have been given. Diagrams borrowed
from outside publications have likewise been acknowledged
according to manufacturer or source.
It is anticipated that the Encyclopedia of Textile
Finishing will appeal particularly to:
– plant owners, directors, management,
– factory managers, qualified engineers, technologists,
practitioners, foremen, environmental officers,
– chemist-colourists, clothing manufacturers, textile
designers, fashion designers, quality inspectors,
dry-cleaners,
– students, professors, teachers, lecturers, trainees, research
workers,
– buyers, sales personnel, wholesalers,
– personnel in various authorities and ministries,
– machine makers, personnel in supply industries
catering to the needs of textile manufacture, representatives
of the chemical industry,
– organizers of trade fairs, journalists,
– lawyers, judges and experts in the judiciary,
– consumers, who either enjoy close contact with the
end-products of textile finishing, ore use them in a
variety of ways as technical or medical textiles.