J. Chakraborty – Fundamentals and Practices in Colouration of Textiles (2010)

Автор: J. Chakraborty
Название книги: Fundamentals and Practices in Colouration of Textiles (2010)
Формат: PDF
Жанр: Легкая промышленность
Страницы: 431
Качество: Изначально компьютерное, E-book

As the name suggests, this book discusses in detail the fundamentals and practices of dyeing and colouration of textiles. It covers academic as well as industrial aspects of colouration, defines problems and solutions. In spite of being precise, it takes care of interest of researchers, process & quality control. New developments and research in the area of dyeing, dyeing of micro-fibre, garment dyeing etc have also been included to keep pace with modern day requirements. Another unique feature of this book is that it is a concise compact text book containing chemistry and application details of all classes of dyes.

Introduction to dyeing of textiles.
Importance of pre-treatment.
Type of impurities.
Type of pre-treatment.
Structure of fibre.
Absorbency, whiteness and pH of textiles.
Form of textile in dyeing.
Formulation of dyeing recipe.
Liquor ratio in dyeing.
Selection of machinery.
Dye uptake and dye yield.
Sequencing dyeing programme.
Selection of dyeing method.
Dye saturation value of fibres.
Chemical processing technology.
Prediction of recipe for mass dyeing.
Preparation of dye solution.
Documentation of process details.
References.
Colouring materials.
Types and definition.
Classification.
Nomenclature of colouring materials.
References.
Dye–Fibre interaction.
Introduction.
Chemical aspects related to theories of dyeing.
References.
Dyeing with direct dye.
Introduction.
Properties of direct dyes.
Classification.
Specification of some direct dyes.
Dyeing of cellulosics.
Mechanism of dyeing.
Dyeing of jute.
Dyeing of protein fibres.
After-treatment of dyeings.
Stripping of colour.
References.
Dyeing with sulphur dye.
Introduction.
Features of sulphur dyes.
Chemistry of sulphur dyes.
Classification.
Batch application.
Continuous dyeing.
Reducing systems.
Oxidizing agents.
Bronzing of shade.
Fastness of dyeings.
Tendering of cellulose.
References.
Dyeing with reactive dye.
Introduction.
Classification.
Properties.
Specification of some reactive dyes.
Reaction with cellulose and water.
Application.
Factors affecting dye uptake.
Washing of dyed goods.
Reactive dye on silk.
Reactive dye on wool.
Stripping.
Fastness properties.
References.
Dyeing with reactive H-E dye.
Superiority over conventional reactive dyes.
Features of H-E dyes.
Individual dye characteristics.
Structure of H-E dye.
Dyeing of cotton.
Correction of shade.
Washing-off and after-treatments.
Stripping.
Disperse-reactive H-E combination for polyester–cotton blends.
References.
Dyeing with vat dye.
Basic principle for application.
Physical form of dye.
Properties of vat dyes.
Classification.
Structure of some important vat dyes.
Application on cellulose.
Reduction of vat dyes.
Solubilisation.
Dyeing.
Oxidation.
Soaping.
Photochemical degradation.
Methods for practical application.
Defects in dyeings.
Stripping and correction of faulty dyeings.
References.
Dyeing with indigo.
Introduction.
Dyeing methods.
Application of indigo.
Factors affecting indigo uptake.
Alternate techniques to enhance indigo uptake.
Cost effective steps in indigo dyeing.
Quantitative estimation of indigo.
References.
Dyeing with solubilised vat dye.
Introduction.
Properties.
Specification of some solubilised vat dyes.
Application.
Affinity of dyes.
Continuous dyeing.
Oxidation.
References.
Dyeing with insoluble azoic colour.
Basic principle of application.
Colour Index specification of coupling component and base.
Classification of coupling component.
Properties of coupling components.
Specification of some important coupling components.
Practical application.
Specification of some important bases.
Function of chemicals.
Precautions to be taken.
Rubbing fastness.
Limitations.
Stripping.
References.
Dyeing with mineral colour.
Introduction.
Fundamentals of application.
Practical application.
Other mineral colours.
Stripping of mineral colours.
References.
Dyeing with oxidation black.
Introduction.
Mechanism of formation of lake.
Application.
Problems in dyeing with aniline black.
Dyeing with diphenyl black.
Continuous dyeing with aniline black.
References.
Dyeing with phthalocyanine dye.
Formation of phthalogen blue.
Chemistry of phthalocyanine dyes.
Properties.
Application.
Phthalocyanine green.
Precautions to be taken.
References.
Dyeing with acid dye.
Basic principle.
Classification.
Mechanism of dyeing.
Selection of dye.
Influence of dyeing parameters.
Specification of some acid dyes.
References.
Dyeing with metal–complex dye.
Introduction.
Mordant dyes.
Specification of some mordant dyes.
Pre-metallised dyes.
References.
Dyeing with basic dye.
Principle of application.
Properties.
Classification.
Specification of some important basic dyes.
Dyeing of cellulose.
Topping on direct dyeings.
Dyeing of wool and silk.
Fastness properties.
Cationic dyes for polyacrylonitrile fibres.
References.
Dyeing with disperse dye.
Characteristic property.
Classification of disperse dyes.
Specification of few important disperse dyes.
Technology of dyeing.
Temperature of dyeing.
Mechanism of dyeing.
Dispersing agent.
Levelling agent.
Carriers.
Methods of application.
Gas fading of disperse dyes.
References.
Colouration with pigments.
Fundamentals of application.
Properties of pigments.
Advantages of colouration with pigments.
Related problems.
Chemical specification of pigments.
Pigment.
Binder.
Catalyst.
Thickening system.
Application.
Garment dyeing with pigments.
Substitute for kerosene.
References.
Dyeing of silk.
Introduction.
Dyes for silk.
Dyeing of silk with various dyes.
Rapid dyeing of silk.
Recent developments.
References.
Dyeing of polyester.
Fundamentals of dyeing.
Methods of dyeing polyester.
Dyeing of textured polyester.
Dyeing of cationic and carrier-free dyeable polyesters.
Fastness of dyeings.
References.
Dyeing of nylon.
Introduction.
Dyes for nylon.
Dyeing of nylon.
Barré.
Dyeing of differentially dyeable nylon.
References.
Dyeing of acrylic.
Problem in dyeing pure acrylic fibre.
Modification of pure acrylic.
Dyeing with basic dye.
Retarder and its types.
Mechanism of retarder action.
Matching of shades.
Dyeing with disperse dye.
Various types of basic dyes for acrylic fibre.
Stripping of basic dyes.
Some special cationic dye types for PAN.
Differentially dyeable PAN.
References.
Influence of fibre and dye structures in dyeing.
Basic concept of dyeing.
Fibre structure.
Dye structure.
Dyeing parameters.
References.
Processing of micro-fibre.
Definition and importance of micro-fibre.
Nomenclature of micro-fibre yarns and fabrics.
Application of micro-fibres.
Typical micro-fibre characteristics.
Processing of polyester micro-fibre.
Assessment of dyestuff requirement.
Processing of nylon micro-fibre.
Fastness of dyed micro-fibres.
References.
Dyeing of blend.
Reasons for blending.
Classification of fibres.
Nomenclature of blends.
Types of shades.
Method of dyeing blends.
Dyeing of primary blends.
Dyeing of binary blends.
Dyeing of ternary blends.
References.
Dyeing in super-critical carbon dioxide.
Shortcomings of aqueous dyeing system.
Super-critical fluid.
Benefits of dyeing with super-critical CO2.
Dyeing in super-critical CO2.
Mechanism of dyeing.
Change in fibre structure.
Non-textile applications and future prospects.
References.
Garment dyeing.
Prospect of garment dyeing.
Structure of garment dyeing sector.
Methodology of garment dyeing.
Garment dyeing machineries.
Specific problems in garment dyeing.
Selection of colour for cotton garment.
Dyeing of woollen garment.
Dyeing of polyester garment.
Quality control.
Novel effects in garment dyeing.
Recent challenges in garment dyeing sectors.
Advantages of garment dyeing.
Problems of garment dyers.
References.
Assessment of fastness of dyeings.
Basic considerations.
Standards of fastness grades.
Light fastness.
Wash fastness.
Perspiration fastness.
Fastness to chlorinated water.
Rubbing fastness.
Sublimation fastness.
Fastness to dry-cleaning.
References.
Identification of dye class on cellulosics.
Reasons to identify dye.
Identification of dyes.
References.
Dyeing machineries.
Working liquor ratio in machines.
Loose fibre dyeing machine.
Yarn dyeing machines.
Fabric dyeing machines.
High temperature high pressure dyeing machines.
Continuous dyeing of textiles.
References.
Waste-water problem in textile industry.
Introduction.
Implication of chemical processes on waste-water load.
Classification of pollutants in textiles.
Quality of water for textile processing.
Alternate technologies to reduce load.
Problem related to unused colour.
Waste-water problem in various exhaust dyeing processes.
Cleaning of dyeings with surfactants.
Basics of assessing waste-water load.
Methods for evaluation of waste-water load.
References.
Index.