G. Kreysa – Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry (2014)

Автор: G. Kreysa
Название книги: Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry
Формат: PDF
Жанр: Химия
Страницы: 2197
Качество: Изначально компьютерное, E-book

While electrochemistry deals with the interrelation of electrical and chemical phenomena, applied electrochemistry is the interface between fundamental science and practical applications. It is vitally important for our industrial society of today and even more so for its future. A successful response to global challenges such as securing energy supply, developing energy-efficient and sustainable processes and materials, environmentally friendly technologies, or monitoring physiological processes for health care requires electrochemical research and engineering. The Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry provides an authoritative compilation of entries dealing with all applied aspects of electrochemistry, including basic theoretical concepts, and instrumentation. As a unique, one-stop resource for sound and digested knowledge in this field, the Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry comprises the first applications-oriented interdisciplinary work on the critical technologies underlying key advances such as energy efficiency (e.g. batteries for electric cars, etc.), green and sustainable chemical industries, new materials (corrosion resistant and low-friction), and biomedical sensors.

Electrochemistry provides the opportunity to run chemical redox reactions
directly with electrons as reaction partners and against the free energy
gradient via external electrical energy input into the reaction system. It also
serves as a way to efficiently generate energy from stored energy in chemical
bonds. Applied electrochemistry has been the basis for many industrial
processes ranging from metals recovery and purification to chemical synthesis
and separations since the latter half of the 1800s when large-scale electricity
generation became possible. Electrochemical processes have a large
impact on energy as it has been estimated that these processes consume about
6–10 % of the world’s electricity generation capacity. Applied electrochemistry
is now impacting industry and society more and more with technologies
for waste water treatment, efficient chemical separation, and environmental
sensing and remediation. Electrochemistry is the foundation for electrochemical
energy storage by batteries and electrochemical capacitors and energy
conversion by fuel cells and solar cells. In fact, applied electrochemistry will
play a major role in the world’s ability to harness and use renewable energy
sources. Electrochemistry is also fundamental to biological cell transport and
many aspects of living systems and their activities. It is exploited for use in
medical diagnostics to detect abnormalities and in biomedical engineering to
relieve pain and deliver function.
The application of electrochemistry involves not just a fundamental understanding
of the sciences, but also applying engineering principles to device
and technology design by considering mass and energy balances, transport
processes in the electrolyte and at electrode interfaces, and multi-scale
modeling and simulation for predicting and optimizing performance. The
interaction of the interfacial reactions, the transport driving forces, and the
electric field defines the field of electrochemical engineering. The understanding
of the scientific and engineering principles of electrochemical systems
has driven advances in the application of electrochemistry especially
during the last half century.
The purpose of this collection is to summarize the A–Z of the application
of electrochemistry and electrochemical engineering for use by
electrochemists and electrochemical engineers as well as nonspecialists
such as engineers and scientists of all disciplines, economists, students, and
even politicians. Electrochemical fundamentals, electrochemical processes
and technologies, and electrochemical techniques are described by many experts in their fields from around the world, many from industry. Each entry
is meant to be an introduction and also gives references for further study. With
this collection, we hope that current technology and operating practices can
be made available for future generations to learn from. We hope that this
encyclopedia will stimulate understanding of the current state of the art and
lead to advances in new and more efficient technologies with breakthroughs
from new theory and materials. We hope you find it of value to your work.
Gerhard Kreysa